Parts of Speech Chart With Comprehensive Guide And Quiz

Different Types of Parts of Speech

Parts of Speech are eight in numbers. They are- 1) Noun 2) Pronoun 3) Adjective 4) Verb 
5) Adverb 6) Preposition 7) Conjunction and 8) Interjection.

Noun- Definition, Example and Explanation

Definition:-  Generally, the word which suggests a name is called a noun. At first, let me one thing clear to you. Here, name does not only mean the name of a person (which is a common mistake). It can be the name of a person, a thing, a place, a quality, an institution, an idea, an animal, an action etc.

Example:-

i) Person:-Ram, Ratan.
ii) Thing:– Pen, Mobile.
iii) Place:- Kolkata, Delhi.
iv) Quality:- Honesty, Bravery.
v) Institution:- Midnapore Day College, Presidency University.
vi) Idea:- Thought, Concept.
vii) Animal:- Tiger, Lion.
viii) Action:- Acceptance, Activity.

Explanation:-Different types of nouns are there in the example section. Some of them are the names of some persons, some are the names of some things and some others are the names of places, quality, institution, idea and so on.

i) Ram and Ratan are the names of persons. 
ii) Kolkata and Delhi are the names of two places. 
iii) Pen and Mobile are the names of things. 
iv) Honesty and Bravery suggest the quality of a person. 
v) Midnapore Day College and Presidency University are the names of institutions. 
vi) Thought and Concept– these two nouns are related to idea. 
vii) Tiger and Lion are animals. 
viii) Acceptance and Activity  are related to action. 

All these are examples of Noun.

Pronoun- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:-  The word which is used in place of a noun, is called a pronoun.

Example:-

i) Virat Kohli is a great cricketer. Heis loved by all.
ii) Rumi is an intelligent girl. Shestudies in class VIII.
iii) I like the movie 3 Idiots. Itis directed by Rajkumar Hirani.
iv) RamandRahim are good friends. They care for each other.

Explanation:-Each of the above examples carries a pair of sentences. The first sentence of each pair carries a noun or two where we can find the pronouns in the last sentences. The nouns and the pronouns are written in bold format.

i) ‘Virat Kohli’ is written in bold format in the opening sentence. ‘Virat Kohli‘ is the name of a person who is the present captain of Indian Cricket Team. Hence, it is an example of noun. In the second sentence, ‘He’ which is written in bold, is placed in place of ‘Virat Kohli’ (noun). So, ‘He’ is a pronoun here.

ii) ‘Rumi’  in the sentence is the name of girl. It’s a noun. The word ‘She’ is used in the second sentence in place of ‘Rumi’. It’s a pronoun.

iii) ‘3 Idiots’ is the name of a very popular hindi movie. It’s a noun. The word ‘it’ , used in the sentence next to it is a pronoun.

iv) ‘Ram and Shyam’ are the names of two persons. These are nouns. The word ‘they’ which is used in place of Ram and Shyam is a pronoun

Adjective- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:-  The word which qualifies a noun or a pronoun by its merit (quality), demerit (drawback), condition (situation), quantity, number etc. is called an adjective.

Example:- 

i) Merit(Quality):-  Amal is a good boy.
ii) Demerit(Drawback):-  Ratan is a badboy.
iii) Condition(Situation):- It is very hot today.
iv)Quantity:- There is a little amount of water in the glass.
v) Number:- I have three pens.

Explanation:-In the above sentences the words- ‘good’, ‘bad’, ‘hot’, ‘little amount’ and ‘three’ (written in bold) have been used. They respectively suggest merit, demerit, condition, quantity and number in the sentences. They are adjectives.

i) In the very first example i.e. Amal is a good boy, ‘good’ is written in bold. It indicates the merit or quality in Amal.

ii) In the next example i.e. Ratan is bad boy, the word ‘bad’ indicates a drawback or flaw in Ratan.

iii) Here in this sentence the use of the word ‘hot’ which expresses the weather condition.

iv) The use of the word ‘little’ in the sentence indicates the amount of water in the glass.

v) In this sentence, the word ‘three’ indicates the number of pens.

Verb- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:-  The word which denotes ‘being’, ‘having’, ‘doing’, or an action or state in any form, is called a verb.

Example:-

i) Being:-  Raja is an honest person.
ii) Having:-  Jiten has a new bike.
iii) Doing:- Sandy does his homework.
iv)Action/State in any form:- The moon looksbright.

Explanation:-Each of the above sentences in the example section carries a verb. The words- ‘is’, ‘has’, ‘does’, and ‘looks’ (written in bold) which have been used as verbs in the sentences, respectively suggest being, having, doing and action.

i) In the first example, the word ‘is’ in the sentence denotes the being of Raja.

ii) The word ‘has’ in the sentence indicates Jiten’s having a new bike or Jiten owns a new bike.

iii)The word ‘does’ in the sentence indicates Sandy’s doing of homework.

iv) The word ‘looks’ suggests the state of the moon in its form.

All these are examples of verbs.

Adverb- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:- An adverb is a word which modifies a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

Example:-

i) Modifying a verb:-  Sayan walks slowly.
ii) Modifying an adjective:-  The flower is very beautiful.
iii) Modifying another adverb:- Sanjay walks very slowly.

Explanation:-The words ‘slowly’, ‘very’ and ‘very’ are used in the above sentences. These words respectively modifying a verb, an adjective and another adverb in the above sentences. These are adverbs.

i) In the very first sentence of example section, the word ‘slowly’ modifies the verb ‘walks’. It expresses the style of walking of Sayan.

ii) In the second sentence or second example, the word ‘very’ modifies the word ‘beautiful’ which is an adjective.

iii) In the last sentence, the word ‘very’ modifies another adverb which is ‘slowly’.

Preposition (Pre+Position)- Definition, Example And Explanation

Example:-

i)On:-  The book is onthe table.
ii) Under:-  The cat is under the table.
iii) Over:-  The bird flew over my head.
iv) In:-  He lives in Kolkata.
v) At:-  She looked at me.

Explanation:-
In the above sentences the words- ‘on’, ‘under’, ‘over’, ‘in’, and ‘at’ (written in bold) are used. These words are placed before a noun and pronoun and thus show their relations to some other words in the sentences. These are prepositions.

i) The word ‘on’ which is a preposition, is used in the sentence. It shows the relation between the book and the table and thus clarifies the position of the book in respect of the table.

ii) The word ‘under’is used in the second example or sentence. It shows the relation between the cat and the table and thus clarifies the position of the cat in respect of the table.

iii) Here the word ‘over’ is used and it shows the movement of the bird in respect of the speaker’s head.

iv) The word ‘in’the sentence expresses the place of living of the person. It shows the relation between the person and his dwelling place.

v) Here the word ‘at’ shows the relation between the observer girl and the speaker. It indicates the style or the nature of observing of the girl to the speaker.

Conjunction- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:-A conjunction is a word that joins two or more words together. [Ex:- And, But, Or etc.]
A conjunction can join two words or it can join two sentences.

Example:-

i)And:-  Rahuland  Ratul came here.
ii) But:-  He is poor but he is honest.
iii) Or:-  Do or die.

Explanation:-

In the above sentences the words- ‘and’, ‘but’, and ‘or’ (written in bold) are used. These words have joined two or more words or sentences together. These are conjunctions.

i) The word ‘and’ has joined ‘Rahul’ and ‘Ratul’ -these two nouns together.

ii) The word ‘but’has joined the two sentences i.e ‘He is poor’ and ‘He is honest’.

iii) Here the word ‘or’ has joined the two words- ‘Do’ and ‘Die’. However, these two words ( ‘Do’ and ‘Die’) can be considered as Single Worded Sentence.

Interjection- Definition, Example And Explanation

Definition:-An interjection is a word which is used to express some sudden and strong feeling or emotion. [Ex:- Hurrah!, Alas!, Bravo!, Oh!, Fie! etc.]

Example:-

i)Hurrah!:-  Hurrah! We have won the match.
ii) Alas!:-  Alas! He is no more.
iii) Bravo!:-  Bravo! You have done well.
iv) Oh!:-  Oh! What a noble man he is.
v) Fie!:-  Fie! He is a selfish man.

 

Explanation:-In the above sentences the words- ‘Hurrah!’, ‘Alas!’, ‘Bravo!’, ‘Oh!’, and ‘Fie!’ (written in bold) are used. These words have expressed some sudden and strong feeling or emotion in the sentences. These are interjections.

i) Here the word ‘Hurrah!’ is used. It arouses a sudden and strong feeling or emotion in the sentence in the form of delight or joy. The very use of the word ‘hurrah’ in the sentence clearly shows how happy the match winners are.

ii) The use of the word ‘Alas!’ in the sentences creates an atmosphere of sadness. A sudden burst of gloomy atmosphere is made possible in the sentence with the use of the above mentioned word.

iii) The word ‘Bravo!’ is used here to give a credit to the person who has done well. It is a kind of appreciation given to the person with a sudden and strong emotion by the speaker.

iv) Here the speaker is actually a little bit surprised at the quality of the man and that why the speaker has used the word noble in the sentence and a sudden and strong emotion is expressed with the word ‘Oh!’.